Nifonea Ridge |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
New Hebrides back-arc |
-18.1330 |
169.5170 |
1900 |
2001 towed video; 2013 ROV Kiel 6000 black smokers |
ESR, E5 |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
East Scotia Ridge |
-57.5000 |
-30.2000 |
3000 |
1999 plume only |
Marsili |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Tyrrhenian Back-Arc Basin, Tyrrhenian Sea |
39.2600 |
14.3780 |
800 |
2006 ROV Cherokee; 1989 shimmering water but did not confirm activity |
ABE |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-20.7619 |
-176.1910 |
2220 |
2004 AUV ABE; 2004 plume only on previous cruise |
Calypso Vents |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Taupo Volcanic Zone |
-37.6800 |
177.1170 |
200 |
1989 submersible Soucoup |
VFR, ELSC7 |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-22.8833 |
-176.7500 |
2050 |
2009 plume and dredge only |
Higa |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Okinawa Trough |
26.5550 |
126.2233 |
1485 |
2015 ROV Kaiko |
Kueishan Island |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Okinawa Trough |
24.8333 |
121.9500 |
30 |
1999, likely by SCUBA |
Natsushima 84-1 Knoll |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Okinawa Trough |
27.5750 |
127.1417 |
1600 |
1986 submersible Shinkai 2000 |
Mariana Trough, 18.2 N |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Mariana Trough |
18.1080 |
144.7380 |
3916 |
2015 plume only |
MTJ, T08C05 |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-15.5134 |
-174.7407 |
2100 |
2008 plume only |
VFR, plume 12 |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-21.7300 |
-176.4530 |
1910 |
2004 plume only |
Tangyin |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Okinawa Trough |
25.0667 |
122.5667 |
1206 |
2014 likely by dredging or ROV during the HOBAB3 cruise on R/V Kexue |
ESR, E9 |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
East Scotia Ridge |
-60.0500 |
-29.9300 |
2402 |
2009 towed video; 1999 plume only; 2010 ROV Isis |
Si'iSi'i |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-22.2900 |
-176.6290 |
1950 |
2008 commercial ROV; 2003 plume only |
Solwara 11 |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Manus Basin |
-3.1667 |
147.1917 |
1500 |
2008 commercial ROV; 2000 submersible Nautile did not confirm activity |
Kueishan Island, offshore |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Okinawa Trough |
24.8333 |
122.0000 |
1200 |
2008 or earlier |
NELSC, T08C09 and T08C18 |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-15.4030 |
-174.2630 |
1800 |
2008 plume only |
Tow Cam |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-20.3169 |
-176.1367 |
2700 |
2004 AUV ABE; 2004 plume only on previous cruise |
MTJ, T08C03 and T08C04 |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-15.6100 |
-174.8200 |
2300 |
2008 plume only |
NE Pual |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Manus Basin |
-3.6754 |
151.7272 |
1875 |
2006 ROV Jason II |
east of Central Spreading Ridge |
inactive |
back-arc spreading center |
North Fiji Basin |
-15.4510 |
174.6902 |
3000 |
NotProvided |
VFR, plume 3 |
active, inferred |
back-arc spreading center |
Lau Basin |
-22.4000 |
-176.6790 |
1980 |
2004 plume only |
Hafa Adai |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Mariana Trough |
16.9570 |
144.8680 |
3294 |
2016 ROV Deep Discoverer; 2015 AUV Sentry plume mapping |
Snail |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Mariana Trough |
12.9533 |
143.6200 |
2880 |
2003 ROV Jason II; 2003 plume only |
Minami-Ensei Knoll |
active, confirmed |
back-arc spreading center |
Okinawa Trough |
28.3917 |
127.6417 |
740 |
1988 deep tow TV surveys followed by submersible Shinkai 2000; 1986 dredged Calyptogena shells |
Parece Vela Ridge, Philippine Sea |
inactive |
back-arc spreading center |
Parece Vela Basin |
16.0000 |
139.1667 |
5000 |
NotProvided |
Solwara 12 |
inactive |
back-arc spreading center |
Manus Basin |
-3.7086 |
151.8834 |
1920 |
2009 commercial ROV Fugro FV300 inactive |
Hawaiian Ridge |
inactive |
intra-plate volcano |
Central Pacific |
15.0000 |
-157.5000 |
5000 |
1987 or earlier |
Vailulu'u Seamount |
active, confirmed |
intra-plate volcano |
Central Pacific |
-14.2167 |
-169.0667 |
1000 |
2005 submersible Pisces V; 2000 plume only |