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Troll Wall
Name Alias(es):
Trollveggen
Jan Mayen Vent Fields
JMVFs
Vent Sites:
Gallionella Garden
Perle og Bruse (= Perle & Bruse)
Activity:
Maximum Temperature:
270
Latitude:
71.2833
Longitude:
-5.7667
Location on map:
Ocean:
Region:
National Jurisdiction:
Maximum or Single Reported Depth (mbsl):
550
Minimum Depth (mbsl):
500
Tectonic setting:
Full Spreading Rate (mm/a):
16.4
Host Rock:
MORB
Deposit Type:
NotProvided
Notes on Vent Field Description:
Jan Mayen Vent Fields at 71 N include Troll Wall and Soria Moria ~5 km apart; Troll Wall situated within a rift graben where high- and low-temperature venting occurs along ridge-parallel normal faults and fissures; Schander et al. (2010): "at 500-550 m water depth and is located at the base of a normal fault. This vent field stretches approximately 1 km along the strike of the fault, and is composed of 10-20 vent sites each with multiple chimney constructions discharging up to 260 C hot fluids. A large area of diffuse, low-temperature venting surrounds the high-temperature field"; low-temperature Gallionella Garden has iron oxyhydroxide deposits; Norway National Update in 2014 InterRidge Newsletter reports a new discovery in 2013 "Perle og Bruse" (= "Perle & Bruse"); "Troll Wall field is located along a normal fault that defines the eastern margin of a small rift transecting the shallowest part of the ridge segment (the Frøya volcano). Perle & Bruse is located approximately 2.5 km to the east of The Troll Wall." (Lyngtveit, 2017); Perle & Bruse is under consideration for a new vent field listing;
Notes Relevant to Biology:
white bacterial mats, shrimp, anemones, crinoids; Nature (http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v439/n7079/images/hydro_vents/index.html): "Carpets of iron-oxidizing bacteria, including the species Gallionella ferruginea."; Schander et al. (2007): "... groups otherwise common in hydrothermal vent areas (e.g. vestimentifera, Alvinellid worms, mussels, clams, galathaeid and brachyuran crabs) are absent."; see Schander et al. (2010)
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
2005 ROV BIODEEP-05 cruise
Discovery References (text):
Pedersen, RB et al. (2005) Two Vent Fields Discovered at the Ultraslow Spreading Arctic Ridge System. AGU Fall Meeting 2005, abstract #OS21C-01.
Other References (text):
Schander, C., et al. (2007) Macrofauna of shallow hydrothermal vents on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge at 71N. Eos Trans. AGU, 88(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract OS43A-0989
Pedersen, R. B., et al. (2010) Hydrothermal Activity at the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridges, in Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges (eds P. A. Rona, C. W. Devey, J. Dyment and B. J. Murton), American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.. doi: 10.1029/2008GM000783
Eickmann, B., et al. (2010) Barite chimneys from two hydrothermal sites along the slow-spreading Arctic Ridge system: Initial isotope and mineralogical results. AGU Fall Meeting Abstract #OS21A-1482.
Schander, C., et al. (2010) The fauna of hydrothermal vents on the Mohn Ridge (North Atlantic). Marine Biology Research, 6: 2, 155-171, doi:10.1080/17451000903147450.
Lyngtveit, T.J. (2017) Geochemical and microtextural characteristics reflect the formation mechanics of laminated iron deposits at the Perle & Bruse and Troll Wall vent fields. Master of Science Thesis, Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen.
Stensland, A., et al. (2019) 3He along the ultraslow spreading AMOR in the Norwegian-Greenland Seas. Deep-Sea Res. I, 147, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.04.004;
RDF link: