Notes on Vent Field Description:
depth approximate; cruise SS02/2003 summary (http://www.marine.csiro.au/nationalfacility/voyagedocs/2003/0203s.htm): "tow-yo (T03B-25) over the summit region of Volcano 4 (South) detected a particle plume at about 100 m depth, but until the on-shore chemical analyses are completed, it is not certain if this is from the near-surface biota or hydrothermal in origin"
Notes Relevant to Biology:
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
2003 plume and dredge only
Discovery References (text):
(plume and dredge only) cruise SS02/2003 summary (http://www.marine.csiro.au/nationalfacility/voyagedocs/2003/0203s.htm).
Other References (text):
Arculus "Arc-backarc systems of northern Kermadec-Tonga" (http://www.crownminerals.govt.nz/cms/pdf-library/minerals/conferences-1/045_papers_44.pdf)