Notes Relevant to Biology:
see Clark and O'Shea (2001); http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/05fire/background/biology/biology.html, accessed 27 May 2015: "Gigantidas gladius, a newly described species of mussel that reaches over a foot in length, and forms dense beds near vent sites on Rumble III seamount."
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
2000 towed camera; 1999 plume only
Discovery References (text):
(plume only) de Ronde, CEJ et al. (1999) First systematic survey of submarine hydrothermal plumes associated with active volcanoes of the southern Kermadec Arc, New Zealand: Initial results from the NZAPLUME cruise. InterRidge News 8(2): 35-39
(plume only) de Ronde, CEJ et al. (2001) Intra-oceanic subduction-related hydrothermal venting, Kermadec volcanic arc, New Zealand. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 193: 359-369.
Other References (text):
Clark, M.R., O’Shea, S., 2001. Hydrothermal vent and seamount fauna from the southern Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand. InterRidge News 10: 14-17.