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Northwest Rota-1 volcano
Name Alias(es):
NW Rota-1
MGDS_FeatureID lowest in hierarchy:
Vent Sites:
Brimstone Pit
Iceberg
Cnidaria Area
Dark Sands
Eastern Fault
Fault Shrimp
Flank Vent
Gastros
High Flow
Loose Sands
Pit Edge
Scarp Top
Shimmering Sands
Shrimp's Peak
Snowcone
White Mat
Yellow Top
Activity:
Maximum Temperature:
257
Latitude:
14.6010
Longitude:
144.7750
Location on map:
Ocean:
Region:
National Jurisdiction:
Maximum or Single Reported Depth (mbsl):
599
Minimum Depth (mbsl):
516
Tectonic setting:
Volcano Number (if applicable):
Host Rock:
basalt to basaltic andesites
Deposit Type:
NotProvided
Notes on Vent Field Description:
southern Mariana Arc; Brimstone Pit (eruption observed 2004, 2005, 2006, 2009); eruption plastered the ROV with molten sulfur; blog and videos from 2009 cruise: http://nwrota2009.blogspot.com/2009/04/fire-and-brimstone.html; Butterfield et al. (2007): "The hydrothermal system at NW Rota-1 represents a direct connection to a sub-seafloor magma body, and is one of the only known sites in the world where we can directly sample the solid, liquid and gaseous products of a submarine magmatic hydrothermal system. Fluids (30 to 260 deg C) sampled directly from an eruptive vent have pH as low as 1.0, with a high content of particulate sulfur, excess sulfurous and sulfuric acid, and very low H2S content."
Notes Relevant to Biology:
shrimp (http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/06fire/background/biology/biology.html)
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
2004 ROV ROPOS; 2003 plume only
Discovery References (text):
(plume only): Embley, R et al (2004) Explorations of Mariana Arc volcanoes reveal new hydrothermal systems. EOS, Trans. AGU 85(4): 37, 40
(ROV) Embley, R et al (2006) Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano. Nature 441: 494-497.
Other References (text):
Embley, RW et al. (2007) Exploring the submarine ring of fire Mariana Arc - Western Pacific. Oceanography 20(4): 68-79
Butterfield, D. et al. (2007) Sulfur Lakes and Sulfur-rich Volcanic Hydrothermal Systems on the Mariana Arc. Eos Trans. AGU, 88(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract V34B-03.
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