Notes on Vent Field Description:
Mn crusts on top of volcanic seamount; this remnant arc is parallel to Shichito-Iwojima Ridge with active systems
Notes Relevant to Biology:
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
Discovery References (text):
[Usui et al., Mar. Geol., 73, 311-322, 1986
Usui, A and Glasby, P (1998) Submarine hydrothermal manganese deposits in the Izu–Bonin – Mariana arc: An overview. Island Arc 7: 422-431.]