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Calypso Vents
Vent Sites:
Calypso Vents (= Northern Vent Area)
Whakatane Graben
Activity:
Maximum Temperature:
200
Latitude:
-37.6800
Longitude:
177.1170
Location on map:
Ocean:
Region:
National Jurisdiction:
Maximum or Single Reported Depth (mbsl):
200
Minimum Depth (mbsl):
150
Tectonic setting:
Full Spreading Rate (mm/a):
9.2
Host Rock:
med-K andesite, dacite, rhyolithe
Deposit Type:
LTH, amorphous silica, anhydrite chimneys
Notes on Vent Field Description:
in Bay of Plenty, between Whale Island and White Island, northern New Zealand; Whakatane Graben [note: do not confuse with Whakatane Seamount (inactive)]; Stoffers et al. (1999): "discovery of active mercury-depositing hot springs in a submarine setting, at nearly 200 m water depth, within the offshore extension of the Taupo volcanic zone of New Zealand"; Petersen lists "rifting of magmatic arc"; Rotorua-Taupo graben; Hannington et al. (2005) lists as "Arc volcano, flanking rift"; Whakatane Graben site discovered in 1998 submersible JAGO
Notes Relevant to Biology:
includes siboglinid worms (Kamenev et al. 1993)
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
1989 submersible Soucoup
Discovery References (text):
(bubbles only) Duncan and Pantin (1969) EVIDENCE FOR SUBMARINE GEOTHERMAL ACTIVITY IN THE BAY OF PLENTY. N.Z. Jl mar. Freshwat. Res. 3: 602-6
Sarano, P., et al., 1989, Preliminary observations of submarine geothermal activity in the vicinity of White Island volcano, Taupo Volcanic zone: New Zealand: Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, v. 19, p. 449–459
Stoffers et al., 1999, Longitudinal transect of the Kermadec-Havre Arc-Back-Arc System: Initial results of R/V Sonne Cruise SO-135, InterRidge News 8(1), 45-50.
Other References (text):
Kamenev, G.M., et al., (1993) Composition and distribution of macro- and meiobenthos around sublittoral hydrothermal vents in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 27, 407-418
Stoffers et al. (1999) Elemental mercury at submarine hydrothermal vents in the Bay of Plenty, Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand. Geology 27: 931-934.
Schwarz-Schampera, U., et al. (2007) Cruise Report SONNE 192/2, MANGO, Marine Geoscientific Research on Input and Output in the Tonga-Kermadec Subduction Zone (http://epic.awi.de/21725/1/Sch2010f.pdf)
RDF link: