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ESR, E9
Vent Sites:
Black and White
Carwash
Marshland
Marsh Towers
Twin Peaks
Windsor Castle
Activity:
Maximum Temperature:
380
Latitude:
-60.0500
Longitude:
-29.9300
Location on map:
Ocean:
Region:
National Jurisdiction:
Maximum or Single Reported Depth (mbsl):
2402
Minimum Depth (mbsl):
2395
Tectonic setting:
Full Spreading Rate (mm/a):
79.1
Host Rock:
NotProvided
Deposit Type:
NotProvided
Notes on Vent Field Description:
first announcement of black smokers in InterRidge e-news #01/2010 (January 14th, 2010): "The first cruise one year ago... video sled surveys of the East Scotia Ridge (ESR). That cruise obtained the first seafloor observations of vent fields on the ESR; indeed the furthest south black smokers have been seen so far by ~20 degrees of latitude."; see Marsh et al. (2015) for vent field description and high-definition image mosaics and video of the E9 ‘Black & White’ chimney structure
Notes Relevant to Biology:
see Marsh et al. (2012) and Marsh et al. (2015); also see cruise blog 2010 (http://www.classroomatsea.net/JC042/diary/eating-sulphur-is-good-for-you-)
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
2009 towed video; 1999 plume only; 2010 ROV Isis
Discovery References (text):
(plume only) Livermore et al. (1999) JR39b: Deep-towed sonar and seismic survey on the East Scotia Ridge. InterRidge News 8(1): 34-37
(plume only) German et al, Earth and Planetary Sci. Lett., 184, 241-250, 2000, Hydrothermal plumes above the East Scotia Ridge: an isolated high-latitude back-arc spreading centre
Other References (text):
Marsh L, Copley JT, Huvenne VAI, Linse K, Reid WDK, et al. (2012) Microdistribution of Faunal Assemblages at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in the Southern Ocean. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48348. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048348.
Marsh, L., Copley, J. T., Tyler, P. A., Thatje, S. (2015), In hot and cold water: differential life-history traits are key to success in contrasting thermal deep-sea environments. Journal of Animal Ecology. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12337.
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