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DESMOS Cauldron
Name Alias(es):
Desmos
Desmos Cauldron
MGDS_FeatureID lowest in hierarchy:
Vent Sites:
Genge-ba
Onsen
Activity:
Maximum Temperature:
120
Latitude:
-3.6958
Longitude:
151.8717
Location on map:
Ocean:
Region:
National Jurisdiction:
Maximum or Single Reported Depth (mbsl):
2000
Minimum Depth (mbsl):
Tectonic setting:
Full Spreading Rate (mm/a):
142.5
Host Rock:
BABB, MORB, med-K andesite
Deposit Type:
LTH, disseminated sulfides and native sulfur deposits
Notes on Vent Field Description:
deposits of disseminated pyrite and native sulfur cementing volcaniclastic sediments in caldera of submarine volcano on spreading center; event plumes observed at 1100 m with CH4 and Mn anomalies, deeper plume, with CH4, Mn, Al and Temp anomalies at 1700; pH 2; vigorous venting associated with fault in NW wall of cauldron; Hashimoto and Ohta (1999): "Most active hydrothermal activity was located especially on a small terrace on the northwestern inner wall of the “DESMOS Cauldron”, 3 41.75’S, 151 52.3’E, ca. 2,000m, where vivid and unequivocal indications of hydrothermal activity and vent-associated biological communities were discovered."
Notes Relevant to Biology:
Calyptogena, bacterial mats, tubeworms, squat lobsters; see Hashimoto et al. (1999)
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
1990 deep-sea monitoring system (DESMOS) video and still cameras
Discovery References (text):
Gamo et al., Hydrothermal plumes in the eastern Manus Basin, Bismarck Sea: CH4, Mn, Al, and pH anomalies, Deep-Sea Res., 40, 2335-2349, 1993.
Other References (text):
[Auzende et al. (1996) Cruise explores hydrothermal vents of the Manus Basin. EOS 77: 244]
Hashimoto J and Ohta S (1999) HYDROTHERMAL VENT FIELDS AND VENT-ASSOCIATED BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES IN THE MANUS BASIN. SOPAC Cruise Report 148 (http://www.sopac.org/data/virlib/CR/CR0148.pdf)
Hashimoto et al. (1999) Hydrothermal vent communities in the Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea: Results of the BIOACCESS cruises '96 and '98. InterRidge News 8(2): 12-18.
RDF link: