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PACMANUS field
Name Alias(es):
Pacmanus
Solwara 4
MGDS_FeatureID lowest in hierarchy:
Vent Sites:
Field D (contains Kai Kai and Mont Blanc)
Field E
Field F (contains Chimney Forest)
Field G [contains Solwara 4f (= Tsukushi)]
Solwara 4a (= Rogers Ruins)
Solwara 4b (= Roman Ruins)
Solwara 4c (= Satanic Mills)
Solwara 4d (= Snowcap)
Solwara 4e (= Fenway)
Solwara 6
Solwara 7
Solwara 8
Activity:
Maximum Temperature:
276
Latitude:
-3.7250
Longitude:
151.6700
Location on map:
Ocean:
Region:
National Jurisdiction:
Maximum or Single Reported Depth (mbsl):
1800
Minimum Depth (mbsl):
1650
Tectonic setting:
Full Spreading Rate (mm/a):
140.6
Host Rock:
BABB, MORB, med-K andesite, dacite
Deposit Type:
PMS, polymetallic massive sulfides
Notes on Vent Field Description:
Pual Ridge; low-temperature Fe oxide and silica chimneys; diffuse, low-temperature (30°) and high-temperature (245-268°) venting; hydrothemal activity over 1100 x 600 m area; Solwara 4 Project of Nautilus Minerals: map of Solwara 4, 6, 7, and 8: http://www.nautilusminerals.com/i/maps/Solwara-4-6-7and8.jpg; Solwara 7, 200m NE of Solwara 4a (= Rogers Ruins); Solwara 6, 1.3km SE of Solwara 4b (= Roman Ruins); Field D (contains Kai Kai and Mont Blanc), Field E, Field F (contains Chimney Forest), Field G (contains Solwara 4f (= Tsukushi)); Solwara 4c (= Satanic Mills), Solwara 4d (= Snowcap), Solwara 4e (= Fenway)
Notes Relevant to Biology:
gastropods, polychaetes, mussels, tubeworms, barnacles; see Hashimoto et al. (1999)
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
1991 deep-tow camera and video; 1995 submersible Shinkai 6500
Discovery References (text):
[BINNS R. A., et al. (1991) Discovery of active hydrothermal sulfide deposition associated with submarine felsic volcanism, Pual Ridge, Eastern Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea. Abstract for 11AGC]
G. Wheller et al. (1992) The PACMANUS/PACLARK Program: Search for modern “Kuroko-Type” analogues in the SW Pacific. InterRidge News 1: 7-9.
Other References (text):
[R.A. Binns and S.D. Scott, Actively forming polymetallic sulfide deposits associated with felsic volcanic rocks in the eastern Manus back-arc basin, Papua New Guinea, Econ. Geol. Bull. Soc. Econ. Geol. 88 (8) (1993), pp. 2222–2232]
Auzende et al. (1997) Etude geologique et biologique in situ de deux zones hydrothermales du bassin de Manus (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Earth and Planetary Sciences, 325: 585-591 (in French)
Hashimoto J and Ohta S (1999) HYDROTHERMAL VENT FIELDS AND VENT-ASSOCIATED BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES IN THE MANUS BASIN. SOPAC Cruise Report 148 (http://www.sopac.org/data/virlib/CR/CR0148.pdf)
Hashimoto et al. (1999) Hydrothermal vent communities in the Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea: Results of the BIOACCESS cruises '96 and '98. InterRidge News 8(2): 12-18
McConachy (2002) Submarine Hydrothermal Processes in Volcanic Arcs, Back Arcs and Continental Shelf Settings in the SW Pacific (http://smedg.org.au/McCJune02.pdf).
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