Vent Fields
Welcome to the InterRidge Global Database of Active Submarine Hydrothermal Vent Fields (the “InterRidge Vents Database”).
To sort the list of Vent Fields, click on a column header.
To view details for a specific Vent Field, click on the Name ID.
To view the subset of Vent Fields that contain a specific category, click on the category (for example, "active, confirmed" in the "Activity" column).
| Vent Field Name ID | Activity |
Tectonic Setting |
Region | Latitude | Longitude | Maximum or Single Reported Depth | Year and How Discovered |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tonga Arc, Volcano 19 | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Tonga Arc | -24.8000 | -177.0167 | 970 | 2005 with submersibles PISCES IV and PISCES V and ROV RCV-150; 2003 plume and dredge only |
| Luise Harbor, Lihir Island | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Tabar-Feni Arc | -3.1167 | 152.6500 | 30 | 1990 or earlier |
| Kuwae submarine caldera | active, inferred | arc volcano | New Hebrides Arc | -16.8300 | 168.5300 | 484 | 2001 plume and inconclusive grab samples |
| Mata Ua | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Tonga Arc | -15.0166 | -173.7833 | 2397 | 2012 ROV Quest 4000; 2010 plume only (towed camera did not confirm) |
| Daikoku volcano | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Mariana Arc | 21.3240 | 144.1940 | 450 | 2004 ROV ROPOS; 2003 plume only |
| Niua South | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Tonga Arc | -15.1650 | -173.5700 | 1180 | 2008 commercial ROV |
| Sisifo | active, inferred | arc volcano | Aeolian Arc, Tyrrhenian Sea | 38.7833 | 13.8666 | 1200 | 2007 plume only |
| Nagahama Bay, Iwo-dake Volcano | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Ryukyu Arc | 30.7500 | 130.3330 | 26 | 1994 or earlier intertidal; 2008 or earlier SCUBA subtidal |
| Esmeralda Bank | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Mariana Arc | 14.9667 | 145.2500 | 323 | 1990 towed video and TV-grab; 1978 hydrothermal deposits only |
| Milos | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Hellenic Arc, Aegean Sea | 36.6667 | 24.5167 | 200 | 1987 or earlier, likely by SCUBA; 1992 Minirover ROV deeper sites |
| Matupi Harbour, Rabaul caldera, New Britain Island | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Bismarck Arc | -4.2700 | 152.2000 | 30 | 1961 or earlier intertidal |
| Stanton Seamount | active, confirmed | arc volcano | New Hebrides Arc | -10.8670 | 166.7000 | 800 | 2002 towed video |
| Montserrat-Marie Galante fault | active, inferred | arc volcano | Lesser Antilles Arc | 16.4600 | -61.9820 | 1000 | 1987 plume and deposits |
| Kemp Caldera | active, confirmed | arc volcano | South Sandwich Arc | -59.7000 | -28.3166 | 1420 | 2010 ROV Isis; 2009 plume only |
| Panarea | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Aeolian Arc, Tyrrhenian Sea | 38.6356 | 15.1057 | 200 | 1800's shallow vents; 1995 deeper vents ROV Comex |
| Hinetapeka volcanic center | active, inferred | arc volcano | Kermadec Arc | -28.5900 | -177.8200 | 300 | 2004 plume and dredging NZAPLUME III expedition |
| Tonga Arc, Volcano 4 | active, inferred | arc volcano | Tonga Arc | -22.0670 | -176.2080 | 200 | 2003 plume and dredge only |
| Ruby | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Mariana Arc | 15.6200 | 145.5700 | 214 | 2006 ROV Jason II; 2003 plume only |
| Macauley Caldera | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Kermadec Arc | -30.2140 | -178.7210 | 500 | 2002 towed camera TAN0205 cruise |
| Leyte | active, inferred | arc volcano | Luzon/Bicol Arc | 11.5000 | 124.7000 | 2002 or earlier some indications of activity | |
| Mata Taha | active, inferred | arc volcano | Tonga Arc | -15.0416 | -173.7833 | 2160 | 2010 plume only |
| TOTO Caldera | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Mariana Arc | 12.7167 | 143.5333 | 2960 | 2000 deep-tow camera (later, same year - ROV Kaiko); 1998 or earlier hydrothermal deposits dredged; 1998 plume only |
| Kana Keoki seamount | active, inferred | arc volcano | Solomons Arc | -8.7500 | 157.0300 | 650 | 1993 observations did not confirm activity |
| Maug Caldera | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Mariana Arc | 20.0200 | 145.2200 | 145 | 2003 SCUBA shallow vents; 2004 ROV ROPOS deeper vents; 2003 plume only deeper vents |
| Sonne | active, inferred | arc volcano | Kermadec Arc | -34.0580 | 179.5890 | 1127 | 2002 plume only |
| Krakatau | active, inferred | arc volcano | Banda/Sunda Arc | -6.1020 | 105.4230 | 250 | 2002 CTD/transmissometer and dredge only |
| Northwest Eifuku | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Mariana Arc | 21.4850 | 144.0430 | 1604 | 2004 ROV ROPOS; 2003 plume only |
| Nikko volcano | active, confirmed | arc volcano | Mariana Arc | 23.0833 | 142.3333 | 600 | 1992 submersible Shinkai 6500; 1979 first observed discolored water above the seamount |
| Gamble volcanic center | active, inferred | arc volcano | Kermadec Arc | -27.2000 | -177.4100 | 250 | 2004 plume and dredging NZAPLUME III expedition |
| Starfish Seamount | active, inferred | arc volcano | New Hebrides Arc | -12.2083 | 167.6462 | 1600 | 1989 plume only; 1989 towed camera survey did not confirm activity; 2002 plume and dredge only |