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Esmeralda Bank
Name Alias(es):
Esmeraldo
MGDS_FeatureID lowest in hierarchy:
Activity:
Maximum Temperature:
78
Latitude:
14.9667
Longitude:
145.2500
Location on map:
Ocean:
Region:
National Jurisdiction:
Maximum or Single Reported Depth (mbsl):
323
Minimum Depth (mbsl):
50
Tectonic setting:
Volcano Number (if applicable):
Host Rock:
basaltic andesite
Deposit Type:
LTH, silica, pyrite, native sulfur deposits
Notes on Vent Field Description:
southern Mariana Arc; hydrothermal mounds of amorphous silica, minor pyrite, and native sulfur; historical submarine eruptive activity
Notes Relevant to Biology:
see Turkay and Sakai (1995)
Year and How Discovered (if active, visual confirmation is listed first):
1990 towed video and TV-grab; 1978 hydrothermal deposits only
Discovery References (text):
[G.M. Gavrilenko, Esmeraldo submarine volcano and associated Fe-Mn ore formation, Volcanol. Seismol. 1 (1981), pp. 51–55 (In Russian)]
Stueben, D. et al. (1992) First results of study of sulphur-rich hydrothermal activity from an island-arc environment: Esmeralda Bank in the Mariana Arc. Mar. Geol., 103, 521-528.
Other References (text):
[RJ Stern and LD Bibee (1984) Esmeralda Bank: Geochemistry of an active submarine volcano in the Mariana Island Arc. Contrib Mineral Petrol 86(2): 159-169]
Embley, R et al (2004) Explorations of Mariana Arc volcanoes reveal new hydrothermal systems. EOS, Trans. AGU 85(4): 37, 40
NOAA "Submarine Ring of Fire" cruise report (2006): http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/06fire/logs/summary/media/srof06_cruisereport_final.pdf.
Turkay and Sakai (1995) Decapod crustaceans from a volcanic hot spring in the Marianas. Senckenbergiana maritima 26: 25-35.
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